Chemical composition and antifungal effects of three species of Satureja (S. hortensis, S. spicigera, and S. khuzistanica) essential oils on the main pathogens of strawberry fruit

Due to an increasing risk of chemical contamination upon the application of synthetic fungicides to preserve fresh fruits and vegetables, essential oils are gaining increasing attentions. In this research, besides chemical analysis of the essential oils of three Satureja species (S. hortensis, S. spicigera, and S. khuzistanica) by GC-MS, their fungicidal and/or fungistatic effects on postharvest pathogens of strawberry were investigated. Essential oils were extracted by means of hydro-distillation and afterwards GC/MS analysis was performed to identify their components. Carvacrol, γ-terpinene and p-cymene were detected as the repeating main constituents of the spices, while thymol and carvacrol methyl ether were found as major components only in S. spicigera oil. In vitro results showed that at the maximum concentration, the essential oils did not possess fungicidal effects on Aspergillus niger but they exhibited fungicidal activities against Penicillium digitatum, Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifer. However, S. khuzistanica was the strongest oil in fungicidal activity. S. hortensis oil was more effective than S. spicigera against B. cinerea whereas S. spicigera oil showed stronger fungicidal activity against R. stolonifer. In conclusion, essential oils isolated from three savory species could be suitable for applications in the food industry to control molds and improve the safety of fruits and vegetables. © 2015 Elsevier B.V

The Use of Song Lyrics in Teaching Listening (a Case Study of Junior High School Grade 8 in Bandung)

This research entitled The Use of Song Lyrics in Teaching Listening (A Case Study of Junior High School Grade 8 in Bandung) was aimed at investigating the students' response toward the use of song lyrics during the teaching of listening, and the challenges faced by the teacher and students in using song lyrics in listening class. This research employed qualitative method by involving a case study in one of junior high school in Bandung. The data were obtained through classroom observation and questionnaire. The data from classroom observation were obtained from video recording, student's checklist and teacher's field notes during the teaching program. The data analysis were presented in a form of descriptive explanation, and then the data collected from questionnaire were analyzed and summarized by using the frequency table, represented in graphs, then described the phenomenon found. The findings of this study showed the use of song lyrics as an effective technique for teaching listening. Significantly, it can be seen that the students enjoyed their listening activity. As a result, they responded positively and enthusiastically to the lesson, and engaged easily in the whole learning process

Effect of Processing Parameters on Compressive Strength of Metakaolinite Based Geopolymers: Using DOE Approach

AbstractGeopolymers are inorganic materials with a wide variety of potential applications such as fire resistant materials, building materials, cements and concrete, high-tech composites aircraft interior, and etc. Various parameters affect the properties of these materials. This article describes the effects of several factors such as molar ratios of SiO2/Al2O3, Na2O/SiO2, and H2O/Na2O and curing temperature on the compressive strength of metakaolinite based geopolymer bodies (MGBs) by statistical design of experiments (DOE) approach. It was found that the above-mentioned agents play an important role in MGBs’ properties. Also, a model to present the relationship between compressive strength and influential factors was obtained

Pengaruh Pemberian Motivasi, Kebutuhan Pegawai dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai pada Kantor Pelayanan Perbendaharaan Negara Cirebon

Human Resources is essential in government agencies , and not just because they play an important role in shaping and achieving agency objectives in terms of service to the community, but it is appropriate Human Resources to get fairness and justice. A sense of unfairness and inequity among employees affect the employee performance resulting work spirit and passion of employees decreased looks of ability, quality and quantity of jobs and employee discipline. This study aims to reveal the effect of granting Motivation, Employee Needs and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance at the State Treasury Office Cirebon. The method used is descriptive and verification method, which is to get a picture of the actual conditions that exist in place of research and proving the hypothesis about the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable individually and together. The sample size used by 45 respondents. The results showed that administration of Motivation, Employee Needs and Job Satisfaction in State Treasury Office Cirebon positive influence on employee performance. Together Giving Motivation, Employee Needs and Job Satisfaction Employee Performance toward significant effect on the State Treasury Service of Cirebon, with the risk of error of 5% where the F count = 152.768> F table = 2.83 or p-value = 0.000 t table = 2.02 to 0.29 and a significant need for Employees on employee performance t = 2,749> t table = 2.02 to 0.09 as well significantly Satisfaction Work on employee performance t = 3.521> t table = 2.02. with significant 0.001. Conclusion; Giving Motivation positive influence on employee performance with a regression coefficient of 0.265, Employee Needs a positive effect on employee performance with a regression coefficient of 0.347 and job satisfaction has positive influence on employee performance with a regression coefficient of 0.361. Giving Motivation, Employee Needs and Job Satisfaction jointly positive effect on employee performance with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.912. Keywords: motivation; personal needs; employee satisfaction; performance of employee

Rancang Bangun Sistem Keamanan Kandang Sapi Menggunakan Sensor Ultrasonik Srf-05 Berbasis Arduino

The development of science and technology plays a vital role in helping human work. Technology is overgrowing in supporting all aspects of human life. One of them is the technology that is developing in the security sector. Therefore technology is needed that can reduce and prevent crime. This study examines and discusses the security technology developed in the livestock sector. Cattle farming is the object of this study due to the high crime level in cases of livestock theft, so vigilance and guarantees are needed for the safety of livestock in cages. The technology developed to improve the safety of the cowshed is security technology using the ultrasonic sensor srf-05, which will detect people/objects within a predetermined distance. The research method used is qualitative and quantitative methods. Each distance limitation is carried out in several trials so that the correct analysis results can be obtained. From several trials that have been carried out using different distance parameters, namely (30 cm, 60cm, 100cm, 200cm, 300cm), the results showed that the tool worked well using the srf-05 sensor with effective detection at a distance of = 60 cm obtained from the measurement between the height of the cowshed door - the average height of a human